研发数字人民币是否为了替代USD？怎么样看待数字人民币重点在零售？SWIFT（结算管理软件）是否会被替代？4月16日，在2022清华五道口全球金融平台上，中国金融掌握会长、中国人民银行原行长周小川围绕“关于数字货币的什么时间问题及回话”发表主旨演讲，回答了这类市场关心的问题。
A staff member of the Bank of Communications Beijing Branch instructs a visitor to open a digital RMB wallet on a mobile phone, on June 16, 2021. [Photo/Xinhua]
China's e-CNY, also known as the digital yuan, is designed for retail transactions for the convenience of people and merchants, rather than to replace the US dollar, said Zhou Xiaochuan, president of the China Society for Finance and Banking.
中国金融掌握会长周小川表示，数字人民币是为了零售，为了百姓便捷、商户便捷，不是为了替代USD。
"The People's Bank of China stressed that it conducted research and development of the e-CNY as a substitute for cash in circulation, showing that the PBOC expects the use of the e-CNY to be primarily focused on retail payments, especially bringing more convenience to people with the help of internet and mobile internet terminals," said Zhou, who is also former governor of the PBOC, China's central bank, at the 2022 Tsinghua PBCSF global Finance Forum on Saturday.
4月16日，在2022清华五道口全球金融平台上，中国金融掌握会长、中国人民银行原行长周小川表示：“中国人民银行强调，研发发行数字人民币，是想把应用的重点放在零售环节，也就是期望可以在零售环节得到应用，尤其是借用于网络和互联网+终端给大伙提供更大的便捷。”
"We don't exclude the possibility that the e-CNY may be used for cross-border payments in the future but I estimate that it will still focus on retail transactions, such as cross-border retail transactions," he said, adding that the digital yuan will not be used as a weapon.
周小川称：“当然不排除数字人民币将来可能有外贸支付的前景，但我估计也会重视于零售，外贸零售的应用。”他表示，数字人民币不会被用作武器。
At the forum, Zhou reiterated world trade patterns should avoid slipping back to what they were during the Cold War era.
在平台上，周小川重申，国际贸易格局应该防止倒退到冷战时期。
"If global financial payment or messaging systems slip into some kind of a Cold War pattern, it will bring damage to everyone," he said.
他说：“假如金融的支付系统或者是支付通讯系统滑入某种冷战格局，对大伙来讲都是会有损失的。”
The relevant authorities should take into account that if SWIFT, the world's leading provider of secure financial messaging services, is heavily used as an instrument to impose sanctions, others can definitely find other financial messaging channels to complete trade, he said.
周小川称，假如很多地把SWIFT（全球领先的安全金融信息通讯平台）作为制裁工具，应该考虑到其他人肯定可以找到其他的通讯途径来继续完成贸易。
However, he acknowledged that SWIFT has advantages in terms of efficiency, market size, security, confidentiality and automated processing, with a large number of financial institutions connected to it.
然而，周小川承认，SWIFT在效率、市场规模、安全性、保密性和信息智能化处置方面具备优势，参与的金融机构数目很多。
If another financial messaging channel is created to bypass SWIFT, there will be a transitional period and tons of work to do. During the transitional period, the efficiency of trade will be affected, he said.
他表示，假如避开SWIFT另开一个途径，可能要有过渡期，会干扰贸易效率。
The PBOC announced on April 2 that its e-CNY pilot program will be expanded to another 11 cities, including Tianjin and six cities in Zhejiang province which will host the Asian Games later this year.
中国人民银行4月2日宣布，将扩大数字人民币试点范围，在现有试点区域基础上增加天津、浙江承办亚运会的6个城市等11个城市作为试点区域。
By the end of 2021, China's digital yuan transactions reached about 87.57 billion yuan , with 261 million personal wallets opened, according to the PBOC.
截止到2021年底，中国数字人民币买卖达875.7亿人民币，依据人民银行数据，已累计开立个人数字人民币钱包2.61亿个。
Third-party institutions should move toward high standards if they want to participate in the digital currency pilot program, rather than trying to avoid following these standards in a crafty or dishonest way, Zhou said.
周小川表示，第三方机构假如想做数字货币，就要在不同程度上向高标准靠拢，不可以耍小聪明。
来源：中国日报
编辑：董静
