大伙看看下面的笔记有哪些问题?
1.分词的完成式having done或having been done只作状语,不可以用在名词后面作后置定语(由于是短语,当然就更没办法作前置定语),
譬如错误句子:The Chinese children having been raised in the US can speak fluent English. 这句话可以改写成 The Chinese children who have been raised in the US can speak fluent English. The Chinese children having been raised in the US, we find they have a totally different value from that of those raised in China. 分词的完成被动式 having been raised 与其逻辑主语 the Chinese children一块构成“名词+分词”的独立分词结构,用来作状语,这符合分词的用法规则。
通常情况是如此,规律皆有例外。薄冰《高级英语语法》p461,提到一个目前分词完成式作定语的例外:
Any man having witnessed the attack is under suspicion.
这句话大概是从夸克的语法大全一书抄来的,我记得那本书里有这个例句。