would rather和would sooner之间没不同，但常常听到的是would rather。A would rather/sooner的主语与后面的动作的主语相同时，would rather/sooner之后常常接不带to的不定式：Tom would rather read than talk．汤姆宁愿念书而不愿谈天。1 would rather/sooner+ 不带to的不定式可用来表示目前的动作，以代替prefer+ 动名词：Tom prefers reading to talking．汤姆喜欢念书而不喜欢谈天。注意：would rather后跟不带to的不定式+than+不带 to的不定式，而prefer后跟动名词+to+动名词。prefer后面也可跟名词，而在would rather之后需要只带动词原形：He prefers wine to beer．等于：He would rather drink wine than beer．他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。I prefer tennis to golf．等于：Id rather play tennis than golf．我喜欢打网球而不喜欢打高尔夫球。某些 prefer+ 名词的状况不可以用 would rather完全确切地表达出来：He prefers dogs to cats（他喜欢狗而不喜欢猫）和 Hewould rather have dogs than cats（他宁愿养狗而不愿养猫）意思并不一模一样。2 would rather+ 不带 to的不定式不可以表示过去的偏爱。所以与 Tom would rather read than talk相当的过去形式为 Tompreferred reading to talking/liked reading better than talking。（参见下面4。）3 would rather+ 不带to的不定式可代替 would prefer+带 to的不定式：Id rather fly than go by sea．/Id prefer to fly．我宁可乘飞机也不愿坐船。注意：用would prefer时，只提到你想做的这件事，而不提另外一件你不愿做的事，如上所述。因此，如想把想和不想的两个动作都提到，则要用would rather。这两个结构后面带名词时状况也一样：Would you like some gin？Id prefer a coffee．/Id rather have coffee than gin．你想喝点杜松子酒吗？我想喝点咖啡。/我想喝点咖啡，不想喝杜松子酒。4 would rather/sooner和would prefer后面都可跟完成式，但后者带to：We went by sea but Id rather have gone by air/Id prefer to have goneby air．大家是坐船去的，可我本想乘飞机去。（我想乘飞机去，可我的愿望未能达成。）这和 would like+ 不定式的完成式有点相似，would like+带to 的不定式的完成式也表示未能达成的愿望。（参见第296节D。）B 如句子的两个主语不相同，可用主语+ would rather/sooner后面跟主语+ 过去时（虚拟语气）结构：Shall I give you a cheque？Id rather you paid cash．我付给你支票行吗？我想你最好付现金。注意：用would rather+主语+didnt表示带否定意义的偏爱：Would you like him to paint it？No，Id rather he didnt（paint it）．你想让他给它上油漆吗？不，我期望他不要这么做。Ann wants to tell Tom，but Id rather she didnt（tell him）．安想告诉汤姆，但我不想让她告诉他。然而，prefer与like相同，后面都跟宾语+ 带to的不定式：Id prefer you to pay cash．我想你最好付现金。Id prefer him not to paint it．我不想让他给它上油漆。Id prefer her not to tell Tom．我不想让她告诉汤姆。
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