2.It is said that Beijing University was the first institute of higher learning ________ in China.
请问这道题, 前面有the first, 后面为何不需要to have been established 呢?
如
Jerry is the only/last person to save me from danger. 就像这句话中,要用不定式形式.
Beijing University was the first institute of higher learning to be established/to have been establishedin China.
表示主语是第几个做某事的人或物这个意义时，用不定式作定语，不定式与被修饰名词为逻辑主谓关系。不定式的动作在系词be的时间之前已经发生过了，即不定式表示的是先于谓语动词的动作。按理这里不定式应该用完成体，但因为逻辑决定了这个句型中的不定式表示的都是先于谓语时间的动作，所以不定式的完成体就简化为一般体，只有极少的句子中用完成体，这看上去有的繁琐, 但无疑是正确的，甚至过于正确了。但COCA语料库确实有用不定式完成体的例句。假如该用定语从句作定语，则从句要用完成体。
Beijing University was the first institute of higher learning that had been established in China.
