例题分析
职称英语等级考试词语量需要
申报B级的考生需要学会5000个左右的单词和少量的短语;申报A级的考生需要学会6000个左右的单词和少量的短语;这类单词和短语大多数都是在阅读和平时英语中较为容易见到的词汇和短语。如:
2003年职称英语B级考试试题
1. Can you follow the plot?
A. change B. investigate C. write D. understand
D. 考试知识点:考察常用多义词。
Follow: vt, vi(常与after连用)跟随,密切注意,了解
e.g. Sorry, I can not follow your method.
补充:
follow: vt. 听从;服从
e.g. The soldiers must follow the officers orders.士兵们需要实行军官的命令
as follows 如下
e.g. The results are as follows... 结果如下
2. The outlook from the TOP of the mountain is breathtaking.
A. view B. sight C. look D. point
A. 考察容易见到词。解题思路:借用搭配借题。参考解题方法:形相近的总是不是解。
Sight: n.视力, 视觉, 眼界, 观看, [常用复]名胜; 风景
at first sight 一见就..., 第一次看见时
at the sight of 一看见就...
be in/within sight看得见, 在眼前
catch [have, gain, get] sight of发现, 看出
come in[into] sight呈目前眼前
2003年职称英语A级考试试题
1. The union representative put across her argument very effectively.
A. explained B. invented C. considered D. accepted
A. 考察容易见到动词短语结构。解题思路:借用搭配结构解题。
put across vt. 讲解;表达
e.g. Im not putting my meaning across very well.
我未把我的意思讲解了解。
补充:
put forward: vt. 提出(建议、建议); 推荐;提名;推举
In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low.
1860年,一个名叫威廉.娄的英国人提出了一项更好的计划。
put in vi. 打断;插嘴
e.g. Dont forget us, she put in. 别忘了大家,她插嘴道。
put off vt. 延期;推迟
e.g. Dont put off until tomorrow what can be done today.
今日可做的事不要拖到明天。
put up with vt. 忍受;忍耐;吃苦
e.g. That woman, as a housewife, has a lot to put up with.
那个女性是个家庭主妇不能不忍受很多烦恼。
2. The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters
A. function B. ability C. power D. volume
D. 考察容易见到多义词。解题思路:借用搭配结构解题。
补充:
Capable: adj.有才能的, 有能力的; 可容纳的, 有资格的
e.g. a room capable of 20 people可容纳20人的房间
e.g. He is capable of judging art.他具备鉴赏艺术的能力。
考试出题方向剖析
词语题部分不分专业类别,同级别的职称英语词语题部分考试试题相同。词语选项倾向于对名词,动词,形容词和副词这四种词类的考察,考试中有时也会涉及到介词短语。对跨词类词和词义宽的词的考察也是近年来的出题方向;而一般在词语题的15道题中会有3-5个题是直接或间接源于当年的职称英语书上的词语题部分。
例题分析:
词语选择(第1-15题,每题1分,共15分)
下面共有15句子,每一个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线,请从每一个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答卷卡相应的地方上。
1.A new system of quality control was brought in to overcome the defects in the firms products.
A) invested B) introduced C) installed D) insisted
答案及分析:B. 解题思路:借用画线短语核心词(bring)的基本含义带来/引起,并借用与画线结构相直接有关的结构含义(水平控制系统被。。)判断B是答案。
Invest: vt.(常与in连用)投入(资金,精力,时间等)
e.g. Ive invested a lot of time and effort in this plan.
我已在这计划中投入了很多的时间和精力
insist: vi, vt(常与on, that连用)倡导;坚持, 坚持需要
e.g. We insist on / upon self-reliance.
大家坚持自食其力。
e.g. We all insist that we not rest until we finish the work.
大伙都坚决需要不完工就不休息
2.Techniques to harness the energy of the sun are being developed.
A) convert B) store C) utilize D)receive
答案及分析: C. 解题思路:被选项是动词时关注所给句子中的空格后续结构,因此关注原句中的宾语:the energy of the sun(太阳能)。被选项中:convert一般用在convertinto的结构中,而原句中没如此的结构,所以排除A;而依据句意凭着知识store(储存)和 receive太阳能不是刚进步的新技术,所以也排除掉。答案为C。#p#
补充:
convert: vt.(常与into连用)转变;变换; 兑换
e.g. That building has been converted into a school.
那座楼房改成学校了。
e.g. I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars into American dollars.
我想把一些港元换成USD
3. Hundreds of years ago cloves1 (丁香)were used to remedy headaches.
A) disrupt B) diagnose C) evaporate D) cure
答案及分析: D. 解题思路:备选答案均为动词,关注原句中的宾语headaches(头痛)。解题思路:在习惯搭配上,B和D都可带疾病类的词作宾语,但头痛不需要diagnose (诊断),却可cure (治疗)头痛,所以答案为D。另外diagnose 的使用方法是:diagnose as...,如:The plastic surgeon diagnosed my illness as a rare bone disease./整形外科大夫诊断出我的病是一种罕见的骨病。
4. Experts generally agree that diet has an important bearing on ones health.
A) result B) factor C) cause D) influence
答案及分析: D。 解题思路:从习惯搭配的角度解题:只有D才能和介词on搭配用。
补充:
influence n. (常与on连用)影响力;感化力; vt. 影响
e.g. Many a woman has had an influence upon her husband. 很多妇女对其老公有影响。
Bearing: n. (与on, upon连用)关系
e.g. What they have done has no bearing on the promotion2 of sales.
他们所干的事情与这次优惠活动毫无联系
5. Mary was compelled to take in washing to help support her family.
A) pleaded B) appealed C) forced D) instructed
答案及分析: C. 解题思路:借用句意:Mary。。在家帮其他人洗衣服以帮助养家糊口。而C的意思比较合适句意。被选项中:
补充:
appeal常用appeal to sb./sth.的结构,表示:呼吁,恳求,吸引,引起兴趣;to appeal for aid/求助;
plead是 恳求,托词,以作藉口,为辩护;为抗辩,plead the rights of the unemployed3 /为失业者的权利据理力争;
instruct教;一般的使用方法是:instruct sb. in sth. 如:instruct a class in history /教授一个班的历史;(常与to + inf连用)命令,如:instruct sb. to start early /命令某人早动身
take in: v. 同意, 吸收, 理解, 欺骗
take A for B: v. 把A误以为B
take ..into account/consideration: v. 看重, 考虑
take part in..: v. 参与, 参加
take pride in.. v. 以...为骄傲
6. They had a far better yield than any other farm miles around this year.
A) goods B) soil
C) climate D) harvest
答案及分析: D。在该句中yield 是用作名词(由于该词的前面有不定冠词a),解题思路:抓住句子中与划线部分有关的结构或用词特征。能与不定冠词a搭配用的被选项只有C和D(气候,倾向, 风气,如:a mild climate温和的气候)。再借用句子中其他特点词:farm,判断harvest收获是答案。
Yield: vt, vi出产, (常与to连用)舍弃;投降;让步 n. 产量;收获
e.g. That tree yields fruits. 这种树结果。
e.g. The army yielded when it was attacked.
当这支军队遭到进攻时投降了
7. If a country wants to develop its economy successfully, there has to be a clear appraisal4 of its social needs.
A)aptitude5 B) assurance C) insurance D)assessment6
答案及分析: D. 解题思路:搭配结构。
Appraisal n. 评价, 估价
Aptitude: n. 能力;才能;天资
assurance n 自信;把握 , 保险
e.g. life assurance 人寿保险
Assessment n.评估,怎么看
e.g. What is your assessment of the situation?
你对时局的怎么看怎么样
8. To a first-year student, the doctoral degree is a distant expectation.
A. aspect B. respect C. prospect7 D. spectacle
答案及分析:C.解题思路:句意。
Aspect n 模样;面貌, 方面
e.g. only one aspect of the problem
只不过问题的一个方面
prospect n期望;期望
e.g. Theres not much prospect of Mr Smiths being elected as Congressman8.
史密斯先生被选为议员的期望不大。
Spectacle n.观览物, 展览物, 奇观, 景象
9.During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the international situation.
A) p ermanent B) powerful
C) striking D) practical
答案及分析: C. 解题思路:依据画线词的家族词(drama)的本义和与画线词搭配的结构的意思(变化),判断C是答案。
Striking: adj. 引人注意的;显著的
Dramatic: adj. 戏剧的;有关戏剧的; 引人注目的