在英语学习中，语法一直被视为构建语言基石的重要元素之一。英语四级考试更是需要考生们在语法运用上展示出熟练和准确的能力。新东方在线英语四级频道为大伙带来“2024上半年英语四级语法复习重点：动词”，欢迎参考。
2024上半年英语四级语法复习重点：动词
Ⅰ动词
时态
1)目前完成进行时态 : 动作或状况从过去某时开始,继续到目前,可能继续下去,也会刚刚结束.
I’ve been writing letters for an hour.
I’ve been sitting in the garden.
2)过去完成进行时: 过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作
I’d been working for some time when he called.
We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.
3)以后完成进行时: 以后某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作.
By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.
In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years.
4)以后完成时: 以后某时已发生的事.
I shall have finished this one before lunch.
They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October.
语态
可以有两种被动结构的种类,比如:
He was said to be jealous of her success.
It was said that he was jealous of her success.
能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词一般都是表示“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,容易见到的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等.
It is supposed that the ship has been sunk.
The ship is supposed to have been sunk.
担当be supposed to 与不定式的一般形式搭配时总是表示不一样的意义.比如:
Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit.
双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态
双宾语结构的被动语态: 双宾语结构变为被动语态时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语.
He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.
Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations.
宾补结构的被动语态:
She was called Big Sister by everybody.
Then he was made a squad leader.
He was considered quite qualified for the job.
The room was always kept clean and tidy.
短语动词
Vi + adv
The plane took off two hours late.
Vi + prep
They looked round the Cathedral.
Vi + prep
She’s looking after her sister’s children.
The children were always well looked after.
Vi + adv + prep
I began to look forward to their visits.
Vt + O + adv
Some women choose to stay at home and bring up their children.
The children were brought up by their mother.
They took him on.
Vt + adv + O
I am trying to give up smoking.
Vt + O + prep
We talked Donald into agreement.
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